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NORBERT GOENEUTTE
(b Paris, 23 July 1854; d Auvers-sur-Oise, 9 Oct 1894).
French painter and engraver. In 1871, after working briefly as a lawyer's clerk, he entered the studio of Isidore Pils at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts. When Pils died in 1875 Henri Lehmann took over the studio and Goeneutte left, moving to Montmartre. There he met Auguste Renoir, for whom he often modelled, and Marcellin Desboutin, who inspired his interest in engraving, etching and drypoint. Although Goeneutte was associated with Manet, Degas and Renoir, and his work was influenced by them, for instance in the informality of his compositions, he never exhibited with the Impressionist group, preferring instead the official Salons. Every year from 1876 he exhibited several works in the Paris Salon, such as Boulevard de Clichy under Snow (1876; London, Tate). He visited London in 1880, Rotterdam in 1887 and Venice in 1890.
In 1891 Goeneutte moved to Auvers-sur-Oise, where Dr Paul Gachet had a studio in his home. He had worked with Gachet on La Renaissance littéraire et artistique (1872-3) and on the periodical Paris à l'eau forte, and in 1892 he exhibited a portrait of Dr Gachet (Paris, Mus. d'Orsay).
Goeneutte portrayed a variety of themes: portraits, scenes depicting the everyday lives of working-class and fashionable Parisians, landscapes of Flanders, Antwerp and Venice. His subjects are depicted simply but with careful attention to detail, and his work emanates a remarkable tranquillity.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
H. Beraldi: Les Graveurs du XIXe siècle: Guide de l'amateur d'estampes modernes (Paris, 1885-92), vii, pp. 170-72
G. de Knyff: Norbert Goeneutte: Sa Vie et son oeuvre ou l'art libre au XIXe siècle (Paris, 1978)
Norbert Goeneutte (exh. cat., ed. E. Maillet; Pontoise, Mus. Pissarro, 1982)
NORBERT GEORGES GOENEUTTE
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